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美國供應嚴重不足,川普 2027 年中國礦產禁令面臨風險

美國採礦產能仍遠落後於需求,這增加了中國礦物進口將延續至 2027 年截止日期之後的可能性。

美國總統唐納·川普計劃在 2027 年 1 月 1 日前結束美國對中國關鍵礦物的依賴,但這一計劃正遭遇重大障礙:國內產業尚未做好準備。儘管有數十億美元的聯邦資金支持,美國的採礦和加工能力仍遠低於製造商和國防公司的需求。

關鍵細節

川普已將關鍵礦物列為國家安全優先事項,向近 150 家美國採礦和加工公司注入了數百億美元。其目標是取代從中國、俄羅斯、伊朗和北韓進口的稀土、磁鐵、鎢、鉬和 tantalum(鉭)。

然而,行業領袖表示,該截止日期不太可能達成。在 2025 年,美國需要大約 48,000 公噸最常見的稀土磁鐵,而國內生產僅供應了 300 公噸。預計到今年年底,產能將達到 5,000 公噸左右。

幾個重大項目仍需數年時間。MP Materials 預計將在今年晚些時候向通用汽車(General Motors)初步交付磁鐵,而五角大廈支持的設施和其他精煉項目則計劃在 2027 年至 2030 年之間上線。

川普政府還啟動了「保險庫計劃」(Project Vault),這是一個價值 120 億美元的關鍵礦物儲備計劃,官員們承認,早期的採購可能仍會包含源自中國的材料。

為什麼這很重要

關鍵礦物對於軍事裝備、電動汽車、電子產品和先進製造業至關重要。在美國擴大生產之前,製造商可能會繼續依賴豁免或進口材料來維持供應鏈的運轉。

未來的幾個月將表明華盛頓是會放寬執法、擴大豁免,還是會加速國內生產。隨著 2027 年截止日期的臨近,新採礦、精煉和磁鐵設施的進展將受到密切關注。

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來源:路透社(REUTERS)

時間:下午 3:30 EEST

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© 2026 Trade Quo. All rights reserved.

This website provides content by group of companies, which include:

Tradequomarkets Financial Services L.L.C is a registered, authorised and regulated company by the Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA) of the United Arab Emirates, with License No. 20200000320 Category 5, to carry out regulated activities of Financial Consultations and Introduction. Its registered office is located at Business Tower, Main Business Village 114499 Dubai, UAE.

Tradequomarkets LTD (2023/C0024). Located at #8 Jepson Lane, St. George, Goodwill, Commonwealth of Dominica

Trade Quo Global Ltd, a securities dealer firm that is authorized and regulated by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) with license number SD140.

Tradequo (PTY) Ltd is licensed in South Africa by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority with FSP license number 54827. The registered office: 33rd Floor – 34 Whiteley Road, 2196, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Quo Markets LLC, registered with Financial Services Authority FSA: 3171 LLC 2024. Registered address: Suite 305, Griffith Corporate Centre, Beachmont, Kingstown, SVG.

Tqbg Ltd, registered in Cyprus with registration number HE438084, registered address Archiespiskopou Makariou III 160 1st floor, 3026, Limassol, Cyprus. Is apointed payment agent, and does not engage in any regulated activities.

Risk Warning: CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.6% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.

Regional Restrictions: This website including the information and materials contained in it, is not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of the following countries: USA, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Afghanistan, Cuba, Cyprus, Eritrea, Liberia, Libya, Somalia and Syria or any jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

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2025 年獎項
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© 2026 Trade Quo. All rights reserved.

This website provides content by group of companies, which include:

Tradequomarkets Financial Services L.L.C is a registered, authorised and regulated company by the Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA) of the United Arab Emirates, with License No. 20200000320 Category 5, to carry out regulated activities of Financial Consultations and Introduction. Its registered office is located at Business Tower, Main Business Village 114499 Dubai, UAE.

Tradequomarkets LTD (2023/C0024). Located at #8 Jepson Lane, St. George, Goodwill, Commonwealth of Dominica

Trade Quo Global Ltd, a securities dealer firm that is authorized and regulated by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) with license number SD140.

Tradequo (PTY) Ltd is licensed in South Africa by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority with FSP license number 54827. The registered office: 33rd Floor – 34 Whiteley Road, 2196, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Quo Markets LLC, registered with Financial Services Authority FSA: 3171 LLC 2024. Registered address: Suite 305, Griffith Corporate Centre, Beachmont, Kingstown, SVG.

Tqbg Ltd, registered in Cyprus with registration number HE438084, registered address Archiespiskopou Makariou III 160 1st floor, 3026, Limassol, Cyprus. Is apointed payment agent, and does not engage in any regulated activities.

Risk Warning: CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.6% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.

Regional Restrictions: This website including the information and materials contained in it, is not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of the following countries: USA, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Afghanistan, Cuba, Cyprus, Eritrea, Liberia, Libya, Somalia and Syria or any jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

TradeQuo and its affiliates do not target EU/EEA/UK clients.