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特斯拉员工甚至自己都不信任其全自动驾驶技术,而他们每天都在盯着它

埃隆·马斯克曾表示,全自动驾驶(FSD)的安全性能是人类驾驶员的10倍。然而,每天负责审查该系统行驶录像的员工却持截然不同的观点,其中大多数人甚至不敢坐进这种车里。

路透社的一项调查采访了九名前特斯拉数据标注员、一名前自动驾驶工程师以及11名道路安全研究人员。他们发现,特斯拉的公开宣传与其员工实际看到的景象之间存在严重脱节。

那个“10倍安全”的说法存在问题

特斯拉首席财务官瓦伊巴夫·塔内加(Vaibhav Taneja)在去年7月首次提出了“10倍安全”的数据。董事会主席罗宾·德霍姆(Robyn Denholm)在11月的股东大会上重申了这一点。马斯克本人也出席了那次会议,并出示了一张声称“事故减少85%”的图表。

当研究人员仔细研究这些数据是如何得出的时候,情况变得复杂起来。特斯拉通过统计其车队中安全气囊弹出的碰撞事故,并将其与记录了远没有那么严重事故的联邦碰撞率进行比较。最重要的是,他们将平均车龄约四年的特斯拉汽车,与平均车龄约12年的美国平均车辆进行对比。不论驾驶员是谁,较新的车辆发生事故的概率本就更低。一旦研究人员将车辆寿命和碰撞严重程度调整之后,所谓的10倍安全优势就缩水到了大约3倍。在审查特斯拉计算方法的11位研究人员中,有10位得出结论:这是一种具有误导性的营销手段,而非可靠的安全分析。

录像里实际呈现了什么

特斯拉的数据标注员(大部分在犹他州的办公室工作)负责审查配备了FSD车辆上的八个外部摄像头拍摄的视频。据他们描述,该系统经常在一些理应简单的路况下表现挣扎:例如为应急车辆让路、给摩托车留出足够空间、在高速公路出口斜坡上正确刹车,以及顺利通过施工区域。在一次案例中,一辆特斯拉甚至直接开进了施工区,险些撞上工人。

在特斯拉推出了更具攻击性的驾驶模式后,标注员还报告称,经常看到FSD超速20到30英里/小时驾驶——其中一辆车在限速25英里/小时的区域被测出时速高达60英里。

帕洛阿尔托还有一个专属团队,在内部被称为“创伤团队”,他们的全部工作就是审查涉及行人和儿童的“险些相撞”事件,即驾驶员最终在千钧一发之际夺过方向盘的案例。

九名前标注员中有七人表示,他们不信任FSD来载他们出行。其中一人直言不讳地说:即便“你他妈付我钱”,他也不会坐特斯拉的无人驾驶出租车(Robotaxi)。一位花费数年时间审查特斯拉碰撞数据的高级自动驾驶工程师称该公司的安全声明是在“扯淡”,并补充道:“千万别在这一点上相信埃隆。”

那些“自动驾驶”演示背后的真实运行情况

也许这项调查中最具启发性的部分是特斯拉如何为其重大公开时刻做准备。据前员工透露,在2024年10月的Cybercab发布会和2025年6月奥斯汀无人驾驶出租车推出之前,该公司悄悄实施了密集的保障措施——对有限的服务区域进行了数月的拍摄和地图绘制,以便软件能够可靠地应对这些特定路线。

在华纳兄弟影城举行Cybercab活动的前几周,工作人员每天从下午6点到黎明测试原型车,录制汽车行驶的确切路径视频。数据标注员随后花费了数百小时为路沿和道路标记进行注释。在奥斯汀发布会之前也发生了同样的事。

这一点非常值得注意,因为马斯克长期以来一直坚称,特斯拉的方法优于竞争对手,恰恰是因为它跳过了竞争对手所依赖的精细本底地图绘制。然而事实证明,这些演示恰恰依赖于此。

特斯拉在德克萨斯州的对比情况

德克萨斯州的监管数据显示,特斯拉获得授权的无人驾驶汽车数量为42辆,而Waymo为577辆,Avride为317辆,Zoox为35辆。在2025年7月至2026年4月期间,特斯拉在奥斯汀的无人驾驶出租车车队涉及了17起记录在案的事故,其中两起导致轻伤。

由于对自动辅助驾驶(Autopilot)的担忧,联邦监管机构已对超过200万辆特斯拉汽车发出了召回令,并对涉及应急车辆和低能见度环境的碰撞事故展开了多项调查。美国国家公路交通安全管理局(NHTSA)特别指出,FSD存在在停车标线处不完全停稳缓慢滑过(rolling through stop signs)以及在十字路口行为难以预测的习惯。

早在2019年,马斯克就曾表示自动驾驶“基本上是一个已解决的问题”。六多年后,那些每天拿工资看它运行的人,依然不敢把自己的孩子交托给它。

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Risk Warning: CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.6% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.

Regional Restrictions: This website including the information and materials contained in it, is not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of the following countries: USA, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Afghanistan, Cuba, Cyprus, Eritrea, Liberia, Libya, Somalia and Syria or any jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

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© 2026 Trade Quo. All rights reserved.

This website provides content by group of companies, which include:

Tradequomarkets Financial Services L.L.C is a registered, authorised and regulated company by the Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA) of the United Arab Emirates, with License No. 20200000320 Category 5, to carry out regulated activities of Financial Consultations and Introduction. Its registered office is located at Business Tower, Main Business Village 114499 Dubai, UAE.

Tradequomarkets LTD (2023/C0024). Located at #8 Jepson Lane, St. George, Goodwill, Commonwealth of Dominica

Trade Quo Global Ltd, a securities dealer firm that is authorized and regulated by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) with license number SD140.

Tradequo (PTY) Ltd is licensed in South Africa by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority with FSP license number 54827. The registered office: 33rd Floor – 34 Whiteley Road, 2196, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Quo Markets LLC, registered with Financial Services Authority FSA: 3171 LLC 2024. Registered address: Suite 305, Griffith Corporate Centre, Beachmont, Kingstown, SVG.

Tqbg Ltd, registered in Cyprus with registration number HE438084, registered address Archiespiskopou Makariou III 160 1st floor, 3026, Limassol, Cyprus. Is apointed payment agent, and does not engage in any regulated activities.

Risk Warning: CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.6% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.

Regional Restrictions: This website including the information and materials contained in it, is not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of the following countries: USA, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Afghanistan, Cuba, Cyprus, Eritrea, Liberia, Libya, Somalia and Syria or any jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

TradeQuo and its affiliates do not target EU/EEA/UK clients.

深受人们喜爱

深受市场信赖

2025奖项
2025奖项
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© 2026 Trade Quo. All rights reserved.

This website provides content by group of companies, which include:

Tradequomarkets Financial Services L.L.C is a registered, authorised and regulated company by the Securities and Commodities Authority (SCA) of the United Arab Emirates, with License No. 20200000320 Category 5, to carry out regulated activities of Financial Consultations and Introduction. Its registered office is located at Business Tower, Main Business Village 114499 Dubai, UAE.

Tradequomarkets LTD (2023/C0024). Located at #8 Jepson Lane, St. George, Goodwill, Commonwealth of Dominica

Trade Quo Global Ltd, a securities dealer firm that is authorized and regulated by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) with license number SD140.

Tradequo (PTY) Ltd is licensed in South Africa by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority with FSP license number 54827. The registered office: 33rd Floor – 34 Whiteley Road, 2196, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Quo Markets LLC, registered with Financial Services Authority FSA: 3171 LLC 2024. Registered address: Suite 305, Griffith Corporate Centre, Beachmont, Kingstown, SVG.

Tqbg Ltd, registered in Cyprus with registration number HE438084, registered address Archiespiskopou Makariou III 160 1st floor, 3026, Limassol, Cyprus. Is apointed payment agent, and does not engage in any regulated activities.

Risk Warning: CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.6% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.

Regional Restrictions: This website including the information and materials contained in it, is not directed at, or intended for distribution to or use by, any person or entity who is a citizen or resident of the following countries: USA, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Afghanistan, Cuba, Cyprus, Eritrea, Liberia, Libya, Somalia and Syria or any jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

TradeQuo and its affiliates do not target EU/EEA/UK clients.